Hepatitis is an inflammation of the liver, commonly caused by a viral infection of either hepatitis A, B, C, D or E viruses.

Each type of hepatitis is transmitted through different routes and each can have different or similar symptoms and treatment approaches.

The various forms of hepatitis have the potential for causing outbreaks and epidemic spread.

Health Impact: The hepatitis virus causes an acute viral infection, sometimes symptoms are limited or there may not be evident symptoms even though you're infected.

Generally, when symptoms are present they may include fever, dark urine, extreme fatigue, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain or loss of appetite and jaundice of the skin and eyes.

In addition, Hepatitis B and C infections can develop into a chronic disease and are the most common cause of liver damage, cirrhosis and liver cancer

Transmissions: Hepatitis A and E are typically caused by ingestion of contaminated food or water. Hepatitis A  outbreaks have been linked to eating contaminated fresh fruits, vegetables, salads and even swallowing contaminated ice.

• Type A symptoms are often similar to a stomach virus and most cases tend to resolve within a month.
• However, if you're infected you can spread the Hepatitis A virus for about 2 weeks before or during the first week that your symptoms show up.
• Also, remember that travel to countries where Hepatitis A is common puts you at risk of an infection You can get an immune globulin medication within 2 weeks of contact with someone who has hepatitis A.
• Hepatitis B, usually occur as a result of contact with infected body fluids or the receipt of unsafe contaminated blood or blood products.
• Invasive medical procedures using contaminated equipment can transmit the hepatitis virus.
• As well, transmission of the B strain of the virus occurs through sexual contact. You'll be at risk for the disease if you have sex with someone who's infected
• Typically Hepatitis C  occurs mostly through infected blood and in the presence of hepatitis B.And the hepatitis D strain of the virus may occur as an additional infection.

Preventive Action: The best way to prevent hepatitis B is by getting vaccinated, that's your best defence. Vaccines are available for hepatitis A and B. However, no vaccine is available for Hepatitis C, D or E

Fortunately, screening of blood donations has helped minimize the risks of contamination from Hepatitis B and C

• Poor sanitation and poor hygiene increase the risk of infection. However good hygiene is important to keep hepatitis at bay. I
• It's always best to practice washing your hands with soap and water.In general hepatitis, A and E infections can be prevented by safe food and clean water.
• Avoid sharing things like toothbrushes, needles and washcloths. Keep in mind that Hepatitis B and C viruses can be spread by sharing personal items. Hepatitis is widespread, learn about it and protect yourself